材料系統與永續構築

臺北科技大學 115-1 學期課程，課號 366736。

課程大綱

從「材料」的角度看設計，始終是一個充滿啟發且值得深入探討的位置。當前，建築產業對環境造成的衝擊尤為顯著，包含營運與隱含碳排放、大量廢棄物污染、熱島效應等問題，皆反映快速開發對自然環境所帶來的劇烈破壞。因此，「設計階段決定建物 80% 環境影響」的觀點逐漸受到重視，而將「材料視為設計過程固有部分」的「材料系統（Material System）」概念，也再次使忠於材料本質與特性的精神回歸設計核心。 本課程將聚焦於「木框架／重木構」、「竹」、「稻草」、「軟木」、「夯土」、「磚」、「石材」等植物基與低碳材料，探討其於當代建築與空間設計中的應用可能。課程將從封閉式材料循環（Closed-Loop Material Cycles）與永續設計觀點出發，透過國內外案例分析，說明不同材料之構造系統、材料細節與製造邏輯，並進一步探討其與場域脈絡、地方文化及永續經濟性之間的關聯，建立同學對於材料、構築與環境之整合性理解。 Viewing design through the lens of “materials” has always been an inspiring and meaningful position for exploration (Chris Lefteri, 2014). Today, the architecture industry has caused significant environmental impacts, including operational and embodied carbon emissions, large amounts of construction waste, and urban heat island effects, all of which reflect the rapid environmental degradation brought about by intensive development. As a result, the idea that “the design phase determines 80% of a building’s environmental impact” has become increasingly important. At the same time, the concept of “Material Systems,” which considers materials as an inherent part of the design process, has brought renewed attention to the essence and integrity of materials within architectural design. This course focuses on plant-based and low-carbon materials, including timber framing/mass timber, bamboo, straw, cork, rammed earth, brick, and stone, exploring their potential applications in contemporary architecture and spatial design. From the perspectives of Closed-Loop Material Cycles and sustainable design, the course introduces both international and local case studies to examine structural systems, material details, and fabrication logics associated with different materials. Furthermore, the course investigates the relationships between materials, site context, local culture, and sustainable economics, aiming to develop students’ integrated understanding of materials, tectonics, and the built environment.

課程進度

W01 (09/08) Introduction: Course overview and introduction. W02 (09/15) Key Terminology I: Materials and environmental impacts in architecture, Material Experience, Material Systems, and Circular Design. W03 (09/22) Key Terminology II: Material-Driven Design (MDD) and Design for Disassembly (DfD). W04 (09/29) Standard House: Introduction to conventional building materials, construction systems, and assemblies. W05–W06 (10/06, 10/13) Wood Frame / Mass Timber: Wood-frame systems, material properties, joints and tectonic principles, Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT), Glue-Laminated Timber (GLT), and architectural case studies. W07 (10/20) Midterm Review Week: No class due to the architectural design midterm review. W08 (10/27) Stone: Stone processing and fabrication, traditional and contemporary construction systems, stone resource recovery, architectural case studies, and Guest Lecture ?. W09 (11/03) Earth: Traditional and contemporary rammed-earth construction, Zero-Mile Materials, circular and low-carbon construction, and architectural case studies. W10 (11/10) Brick: Brick types, masonry and firing processes, the Recycled Brick Project, architectural case studies, and Guest Lecture ?. W11 (11/17) Cork: The circular cork industry, acoustic and thermal performance, architectural and product case studies, and Guest Lecture ?. W12 (11/24) Bamboo: Material properties, structural systems, locality and contemporary applications, and architectural case studies. W13 (12/01) Straw + Hemp: Applications of straw, industrial hemp, and other bio-based materials in architecture, Biochar, Carbon-Negative Design, and Guest Lecture ?. W14 (12/08) Tectonics C&C + Environmental Impact I: Compare & Contrast of different material and tectonic systems, Operational Carbon, Embodied Carbon, Carbon Footprint, and Carbon Estimates. W15 (12/15) Final Review Week: No class due to the architectural design final review. W16 (12/22) Environmental Impact II + SPOLIA: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), material flows and resource cycles, Upcycling & Downcycling, Biological & Technical Cycles, and SPOLIA.

評量方式

The course evaluation is mainly divided into two parts: "Lectures " and "Group Reports." The course assessment consists of two main components: Lectures and Group Research Presentations & Reports. The course assessment consists of two main components: Instructor Lectures and Group Research Presentation & Report. Instructor-Led Lectures After each lecture, students will be assigned designated readings and summarize assignments. The grading breakdown is as follows: Attendance─ 20%； Reading Assignments─20%； If a student’s attendance falls below 1/2 or 1/3 of the total class sessions, the final grade may be reduced accordingly, depending on the circumstances. Group Research Presentation & Report※ Students will conduct research on the course materials, analyze relevant architectural case studies, and produce construction drawings. The grading breakdown is as follows: Initial Report─ 40%； Revised Report─20%。（Week 17,18） The content and requirements of the report may be adjusted to align with the learning outcomes of the Department of Architecture’s core course, Architectural Design (Second Year). Any adjustments will be announced in advance through the course LINE group.

教材

【遵守智慧財產權觀念，請使用正版教科書，不得使用非法影印教科書】 使用外文原文書：否 1.《Cradle to Cradle: Remaking The Way We Make Things》 ，William McDonough & Michael Braungart，2002。 2.《Material Innovation: Architecture》， Andrew H. Dent & Leslie Sherr，2014。 3.《Transmaterial Next: A Catalog of Materials that Redefine Our Future》， Blaine Brownell，2017。 4.《Exploring Materials: Creative Design for Everyday Objects》（中譯：做設計的第一堂材料課）， Inna Alesina & Ellen Lupton，2020。 5.《Materials for Design》（中譯：設計師的材料學：創意 × 實驗 × 未來性），Chris Lefteri，2015。 6.《Manual of Biogenic House Sections》，Paul Lewis ＆ Marc Tsurumaki & David J. Lewis，2022。 7.《自然的建築》（中譯：自然的建築是連結：場所、素材和地球環境的幸福關係的建築），隈研吾（Kengo Kuma），2014。